radius of orbit of electron will decrease gradually and ultimately it will fall in the nucleus. About the Stability of Atom: According to Maxwell’s electromagnetic wave theory electron should emit energy in the form of electromagnetic wave during its orbital motion.n = number of atoms per unit volume in the foil, Z = atoms number, E = kinetic energy of the alpha particles and t = foil thickness Alpha particles were used by Rutherford to discover the nuclear model of the atom, 1 and a couple of years later Bohr analyzed the stopping power of those alpha particles 2 he also presented 3 the first modern model of the hydrogen atom. Where, N(θ) =number of c-particles, N i = total number of α-particles reach the screen. The interaction of ions with condensed matter was at the start of modern physics. Where, Z = atomic number of the nucleus, E k = kinetic energy of the c-particle and θ = angle of scattering. The perpendicular distance of the velocity vector of a-particle from the central line of the nucleus, when the particle is far away from the nucleus is called impact parameter. Where, E k = kinetic energy of the cc-particle. The centripetal force required by electron for revolution is provided by the electrostatic force of attraction between the electrons and the nucleus. Rutherfords experiment, which established the nuclear model of the atom, used a beam of -particles, which impinged on a metal foil and got absorbed.The total positive charge 011 nucleus is equal to the total negative charge on electron.According to Rutherford, negatively charged electrons. This nucleus is very small in size, as compared to the size of the atom as a whole. He referred to this portion of the atom as the nucleus. The negatively charged electrons revolve around the nucleus in different orbits. The Rutherford atomic model states: Positively charged particles and the majority of an atom’s mass were concentrated in an incredibly tiny volume.The entire positive charge and almost entire mass of the atom is concentrated at its centre in a very tiny region of the order of 10 -15 m, called nucleus.On the basis of this experiment, Rutherford made following observations: It could not explain large angle scattering of α – particles. NUCLEAR MODEL OF THE ATOM SERIESIt could not explain the origin of spectral series of hydrogen and other atoms.Atoms of same element are exactly same and atoms of different element are different.Įvery atom is uniformly positive charged sphere of radius of the order of 10 -10 m, in which entire mass is uniformly distributed and negative charged electrons are embedded randomly. All elements are consists of very small invisible particles, called atoms.
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